Māori Grammar

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Te Reo Māori Level 1
Ka used to indicate the past - ka

Typically, the tense marker ka is used to indicate that something will happen in the future. However, when telling a story, ka is often used to indicate that something happened next. Usually this will be in a situation where we have already established that the events are in the past. In the following example, the word inanahi sets the event in the past, and therefore ka is translated as a past event:

Inanahi, ka haere au ki Te Tai Rāwhiti.
Yesterday, I went to town.

Ka haere te ope o Ngāti-Kahukoka i mua o ēnei.
The Ngāti-Kahukoka group went in front of them.

Ka kōrero ia ki tētahi atu āpiha.
He talked to another officer.

Ka puta mai te mate moe ki a Te Tahi.
Te Tahi became sleeopy.

Ka atu anō he wahine.
Another woman stood up.

Ka tītaha a Matariki ki te uru.
The Pleiades had descended to the west from its highest point.

Ka kite a Honi i te kōrua.
Honi saw the crayfish.

Ka kite mai a Rangi-uru-hinga, he taniwha tēnei kei Moana-ariki e noho ana, i te kino o te mahi a Kupe ki a Hotu.
Rangi-uru-hinga, who was a taniwha living in Moana-ariki, saw the wickedness of Kupu's treatment of Hotu.

Ka nui te mīti, te hēki me te tuna.
There's plenty of meat, eggs and eels.

Ka rongo a Manu i te whakapū ahi.
Manu heard the fire siren.

Ka hoki atu ngā tamariki ki te kura āpōpō.
The children are returning to school tomorrow.

Ka rere mai ngā waka i tai ki uta.
The canoes came from the sea to the shore.

Ka whakatika te kōtiro , ka mua ki te kīaka.
The girl got up and took a calabash.

Ka noho au ki te moenga inu ai i taku kawhe.
I sat in bed and drank my coffee.

Ka mahana haere te kaimoana i te .
The seafood is getting warm in the sun.

Ka kite au i a ia, ka aroha atu.
When I saw her I was moved.

Ka mataku ngā kararehe i te whatitiri.
Thunder frightens animals.

Ka haere mātou ki te tāone i nga Tāite.
We go to town on Thursdays.

Ka tātua i a rātou te haere.
They girded themselves for the journey.

Ka waiho he wāhi kia tuwhera ana i waenganui i ngā taiepa kōhatu nei.
A place was left open between the stone walls.

Ka nui taku hiahia kia kite i a koe!
I greatly desire to see you.

Ka nui taku aroha ki a koe.
My love for you knows no bounds.

Ka kitea au.
I am seen.

Ka haere i te ara i runga i te rangitoto.
They went along the path over the coria.

Ka karanga ki tana rōpā ki te wai ki a ia.
He called to his slave to get water for him.

Ka mōhio taku hoa ki te tangata .
My friend knows that man.

Ka kuhu mai te hoa o Mere.
Mere's friend comes in.

Ka roa, ka haere atu ia.
After a while, he left.

Ka whakawhanaunga koe ki a ia?
Do you relate to him?

Ka whakatika te ope tamariki nei, ka tātou i a rātou te haere.
The group of young people got ready and girded themselves for the journey.

Ka mutu ōna tohu, ka noho ki raro.
When his instructions were ended, he sat down.

Ka kīa e te tatamariki he mea mahi ki te mākutu.
The young people said it was done with black magic.

Ka hoki te ope ki tana .
That group returned to its pā.

Ka patua taua kai e ia ki te manga o te kawakawa.
He struck that food with the branch of the kawakawa.

Ka mātihe a Niko.
Niko sneezed.

Ka pupihi te hau, ha hingahinga ngā rākau, ka rere ngā tīni o te whare.
The wind blew, the trees blew over and roofing iron blew off.

Ka herea e ia tāua kurī.
He tied up our dog.

Ka hoe mai whaka te tauranga waka i Onehunga.
They rowed through the canoe anchorage at Onehunga.

Ka kauhoe ia i Rotorua ki Mokoia.
She swam from Rotorua to Mokia.

Ka mahana haere ngā .
The nights get warmer.

Ka tūpeke a ia i reira.
He jumped into the air there.

Ka tangi te pere ākuanei.
The bell has rung.

Ka mau ki tana mere pounamu, ke hoatu ki te tamaiti ariki o taua ope nei.
[He] took his greenstone mere and gave it to the young leader of this group.

Ka kite o reira taitamariki rangatira i taua kōtiro nei, i a Puhihuia,.
The young chiefs from there was this girl, Puhihuia.

Ka ngā tamāhine i te mataihi katau o te marae.
The daughters stood at the front right of the marae.

Ka oma mai ngā tamariki i muri i te whare.
The children ran up from behind the house.

Ka haere noa atu te iwi whenua ki ō rātou kāinga.
The local tribe went to their home.

Ka mutu tonu te kōrero ki konei.
The story finishes right here.

Ka whāngaia ngā manu e ia.
The birds were fed by her.

Ka titiro a Hera ki te parani i runga i te pounamu.
Hera looked at the brand on the bottle.

Ka puta taua tini ki waho o te .
That group went out of the pā.

Ka rite i te tokomaha te whakataāe te hei hokinga rātou.
The many young people reached agreement on the day for their return.

Ka pōwhiri ki ana ringaringa.
She beckoned with her hands.

Ka pangaa atu to pāoro e Ari ki a Manu.
Ari passes the ball to Manu.

Ka puta te iwi i te .
The tribe emerged from the pā.

Ka haere a Te Kooti.
Te Kooti goes.

Ka hapū anō hoki ia i muri iho i a Kōpako.
She conceived again after Kōpako.

Ka mau anō te kōtiro i te ipu.
That girl picked up the calabash again.

Ka umere me te kata.
They shouted and laughed.

Ka kite mātou i te Wind Wand, ā, ka hīkoi i te ara moana.
We saw the Wind Wand, and walked on the beach walkway.

Ka mea atu a Kupe ki a Hotu,
Kupe said to Hotu, "We must return".

Ka mai tētahi o aua wāhine .
One of those women stood up.

Ka patua katoatia.
All [the people] were killed.

Ka aha koe i ngā hararei?
What do you do in the holidays?

Ka mea atu te kotiro ki tana whaea...
That girl said to her mother...

Ka haere ki Zealandia te kawhe.
I went to Zealandia for a coffee.

Ka māharahara te rōpā ki te mate whakamomori o tana ariki.
That slave was anxious that his master might commit suicide.

Ka tae mai te taraka o Ari me ngā tēpu, me ngā tūru.
Ari's truck arrived with the tables and the chairs.

Ka mutu te kai, ka ia...
When the meal was over, he said...

Ka whakarongo puku a Ponga.
Pongo listened in silence.

Ka mai te tumuaki ki te mihi ki a rātou.
The headmaster stood up to greet them.

Ka mea atu a Kupe ki a Hotu...
Kupe said to Hotu...

Ka pahemo te awa o Tōrere.
He passed Tōrere's stream.

Ka tae tētahi tauhou ki te kāinga.
A certain stranger came to the village.

Ka mutu te mahi inanahi, ka haere mātou ki te tāone.
When yesterday's work was finished, we went to town.

Ka takaia, ka kawea, ka whakairia ki runga ki te kauere.
They wrapped him up and took him and suspended him in a puriri tree.

Ka puta katoa ki waho ngā tāngata o te ki te tahu kai.
All the people of the pā came outside to cook food.

Ka pīrangi ia ki ngā mea katoa.
He wants all the things.

Ka mutu te kōrero.
The discussion finished.

Ka hoki mai roto i te nehenehe.
They returned by way of the patch of bush.

Ka oho te tini i roto i te whare manuhiri.
The party at the visitor's house woke up.

Ka rongo ahau i tētahi waiata pai i tēnei .
I heard a nice song today.

Ka mai tētahi wahine anō me te mere pounamu i te ringa.
Another woman stood and came forward with a greenstone mere in her hand.

Ka mamae aku turi, ngā wāhi katoa ōku, engari kāore e heke taku taumaha.
They hurt my knees, and every other part of me, yet I don't seem to lose any weight.

Ka noho ia i tētahi rākau e noho he tāngata i raro.
[He] came to rest in a tree under which some people sat.

Ka karakia ia i ngā karakia ngā taniwha moana.
He chanted the incantations for the taniwha of the sea.

Ka haere a Mere.
Mary goes.

Ka kitea kua puta i tētahi taha o te , kua haere whakatētahi taha o te .
They were seen emerging from one side of the pā, going towards the other side.

Ka hoki ake anō te kotiro ki te .
The girl returned once more to the pā.

Ka roherohea taua moana e rātou.
That sea was divided up by them.

Ka pōwhiri ia i a Pongo.
She beckoned to Pongo.

Ka karanga atu te rōpū whakaeke ki ngā tangata whenua.
The group ascending onto the marae calls back to the people of the land/marae.

Ka tuhi ia i ngā kupu.
He wrote the words.

Ka kite a i te mamaha e puta ake ana i mua o te tereina.
Tū saw the steam rising from the front of the train.

Ka pahure te .
They passed the pā.

Ka a ia, ka karanga mai i waho i te whare.
He stood and called from outside the house.

Ka kapo au i te .
I snatched the gun.

Ka tae ki te teihana, ā, ka hīkoi mātou i te taha moana ki Te Papa.
We arrived at the station and we walked by the sea to Te Papa Tongarewa National Museum.

Ka tono tonu ia i ngā turituri.
He kept hearing noises.

Ka rongo tētahi tangata i ngā kōrero a taua tangata nei.
A man heard what this man here said.

Ka tangi ngā tamāhine ki rātou pāpā.
The daughters mourned for their father.

Ka waiho tonu tātou hei tinihangatanga tātou whaea.
We are always left cheated by our mother.

Ka kite atu ngā tāne o tēnei i ngā wāhine o tērā.
The men of this [tribe] saw the women of that [tribe].

Ka hoki te kōrero ki a Hotu i ruku i te punga o rāua waka.
The story returns to Hotu who had dived for the anchor of their canoe.

Ka kite ia i te tīwaiwaka.
He sees the fantail.

Ka kiriweti ia ki ngā mahi whakapātaritari a tōna tungāne.
She gets annoyed with the teasing antics of her brother.

Ka tae te ope ki ā rātou mea i mahia mai i Āwhitu.
The group took their things which had been made in Āwhitu.

Ka mīharo rātou, me te tino whakamihi.
They were all full of admiration, and very grateful.

Ka whakatika aua wāhine nei, ka whai atu i taua tokotoru.
Those women stood up and followed those three.

Ka kīa e te taitamariki he mea mahi ki te mākutu.
The young people said it was done with black magic.

Ka rongo tana whaea i tana ui ki te hinu rautangi.
His mother listened to his question about scented oil.

Ka puta a Pihihuia me te wai.
Puhihuia appeared with the water.

Ka mau ki te kākahu o waho.
And took hold of her outer garment.

Ka pātōtō ia ki te kūaha.
She knocks on the door.

Ka riro i te hai hāte a Paki.
It was taken by Paki's ace of hearts.

Ka whakatika atu ētahi ki te pōwhiri i waho o te .
Some stood to wave outside the pā.

Ka maremare rawa atu ahau.
I had to cough.

Ka ia, ā, ka kōrero.
He stood and spoke.

Ka mau ana te ururoa ka kaha whawhai ia kia ora ake anō.
Whenever a shark was caught it put up a terrific fight to survive and personifies the epitome of striving.

Ka heke iho ko ngā roimata.
The tears fall down (representing the rain).

Ka tino kaha rawa tōna tangi ki tōna mamae.
She mourned deeply for her pains.

Ka mea atu te rōpā , 'He kai.'
The slave said, 'Food!'.

Ka piki puku atu hoki a Ponga i muri i a ia.
Ponga also climbed up silently behind her.

Ka hokona e ua te koti te whā rau tāra.
She bought that coat for four hundred dollars.