Māori Grammar
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The family of n-class possessives is used to indicate established possession. This is different from simple ownership which uses t-class possessives (tāku, tōku, tāu, tōu, etc). They mean that someone owns something (I own a car). Words like nāku, nōku, nāu etc emphasise the ownership in a more emphatic way.
He pene tāku.
I own a pen.
Nāku tērā pene.
That pen belongs to me! It is my pen - not yours!
Such a sentence might be used in a dispute about ownership ("Hey! Get out of there! That's my car!") or in response to a mistake ("Hey! That's my coffee you are drinking!") or in response to a question.
There are a range of possible subjects in this sentence structure:
Nāku tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to me.
Nāu tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to you.
Nānā tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to him or her.
Nā tāua tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to you and me.
Nā māua tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to us two (not you).
Nā kōrua tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to you two.
Nā rāua tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to those two.
Nā tātou tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to us.
Nā mātou tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to us (not you).
Nā koutou tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to you (3+).
Nā rāutou tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to them (3+).
Nā Rangi tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to Rangi.
Nā Rangi rāua ko Mere tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to Rangi and Mere.
Nā te kaiako tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to the teacher.
Nā ngā tamariki tēnei pene.
This pen belongs to the children.
Like the t-class possessives, the n-class possessives also use the a and o categories:
Nāku tēnei pukapuka.
This is my book.
Nōku tēnei whare.
This is my house.
Nāu tēnā kai.
That is your food.
Nōu tēnā wai.
That is your water.
The n-class possessives denote established (past) ownership, while the related m-class possessives denote future unrealised possession:
Māku tēnei pene.
This pen is for me (or will be mine).
Nāku tērā waea pūkoro.
That's my mobile phone.No tōku tuahine ngā waka whero.
The red car belongs to my older sibling.Nōu tēnei motokā.
This car is yours.Nāku te kete nei.
This kit is mine.Mā wai ērā rahopūru?
Who are those avocados for?Na wai ēnā kōtiro mōhio?
Whose are those clever girls?Nāku te rakuraku nā.
That guitar belongs to me.Nōku tēnei waka ātea.
This spaceship is mine.Nā mātou ngā taputapu.
The tools belong to us.Nōku tēnei motopaika.
This motorbike is mine.Nāku tēnei kāri nama.
This credit card is mine.Na wai ēnei taputapu katoa?
Whose is all this gear?Nā rātou ērā rīhi paru.
Those dirty dishes are theirs.Nā Mere tēnei rāpeti.
This rabbit belongs to Mere.Nāku tērā waea pūkoro.
Ehara i a au tērā waea pūkoro.Nāu tēnei kapu.
This cup belongs to you.No rātou tēnei poupou.
This house-post belongs to them.Nōku tēnei hāte.
That shirt belongs to me.Nō te whānau tēnei whare.
This house belongs to the family.Nāu tēnei kuri.
This dog belongs to you.Nā ngā tamariki ēnei pukapuka.
These books belong to the children.Nā ō tātou manuhiri pea?
Perhaps they belong to our guests?Nā Pita tēnēi pene.
This pen belongs to Pita.Nā ngā tauira ēnei pene.
These pens belong to the students.Nō tā māua tama tērā whare.
That house belongs to our son.Nōku te motopaika rā.
That motorbike over there is mine.Nō Mere tēnei tūru.
This chair belongs to Mere.Nō te kurī te whare rā.
That house belongs to the dog.Nōku tēnei whare.
This house is mine.Nōku tēnei whare.
This house belongs to me.Nā Pita tēnei kāmera.
This camera belongs to Pita.Nāku ngā kī.
The keys are mine.Nā ngā kaiako ngā pukapuka.
The books belong to the teachers.Nā ngā tauira tēnei pepa.
This paper belongs to the students.Nā ngā tamariki tēnei tāwhiri.
This kite belongs to the children.No Hawaiki tātou katoa.
We are all from Hawaiki.Nō wai te whare rā?
Who does that house belong to?Nāku te wāti nei,
This watch is mine.Nāku ngā kura rā!
Those feathers belong to me!Nāu tēnei rorohiko.
This computer belongs to you.Nō ngā tauira tēnei paihikara.
This bicycle belongs to the students.Nā wai tēnei pene?
Who does this pen belong to?Nōna ēnei tīpuna.
These ancestors are his.Na wai tēnei tamaiti?
Who does this child belong to?Nāku te moni nei.
This money is mine.No Ngāti Whātua ia.
She belongs to Ngāti Whātua.Nōku ēnā hū.
Those shoes are mine.No wai mā ēnei hū?
Who do these shoes belong to?Nō te whānau tēnei whenua.
This land belongs to the family.Nāna tērā kapu.
That cup belongs to him.Na Aria taua waka whero.
That red car belongs to Aria.No Paikea ia.
He is descended from Paikea.Na wai te waka whero?
Who does the red car belong to?No ngā tāngata i roto i te whare nui.
They belong to all the people in the meeting house.Nō Hine tēnei whare.
This house belongs to Hine.Nōku te koti nei.
This coat is mine.Nā rāua ngā pukapuka e rua.
The two books belong to them.Nō Nikau te paihikara.
The bike belongs to Nikau.Nō rāua tērā waka.
That car belongs to them.Nōku ēnei hū Nike.
These Nike shoes are mine.Nōku tēnei motokā.
This car is mine.Nōku tēnei waka rererangi.
This airplane is mine.Nō te marae ēnei tūru.
These chairs belong to the marae.Nāu tēnei?
Does this belong to you?Nō Ngāti Awa a Hēmi.
Hēmi belongs to Ngāti Awa.Na Koa and Rina.
They are Koa's and Rina's.Nāku ērā pene.
Those pens belong to me.No Āhia pea te ritenga Māori.
Māori culture may have originated in Asia.Nōu tērā whare.
That house belongs to you.Nā tō rāua māmā tēnei.
This belongs to their mother.No Te Whanganui-a-Tara rāua.
They are from Wellington.Nāhau tēnei?
Does this belong to you?Nāku tēnei pouaka whakaata.
This television is mine.Nā ngā tamariki te papa tākaro.
The playground belongs to the children.Nōku tērā waka.
That car belongs to me.No te iwi whānui te whare nui, a Mataatua.
The meeting house Mataatua belongs to the whole tribe.Nā tātou ēnei hēki.
These eggs belong to us.Nāku tēnei maika, nāu tēnei ārani, nāna tērā tōtiti.
This banana is mine, this orange is yours, that sausage is his.Nā wai ēnei pene?
Who do these pens belong to?Nōku tēnei motoka.
This car is mine.Nōu tērā, nōna tēnā, nōku tēnei.
That belongs to you, that belongs to her, this belongs to me.Nōku te whare iti.
The small house is mine.Nāku tēnei pukapuka.
This book belongs to me.